ЭРКИН ГАДИРЛИ: В ОБЩЕСТВЕ ПРОИЗОШЕЛ РАЗРЫВ МЕЖДУ ПОКОЛЕНИЯМИ
Интервью Turan c соучредителем гражданского объединения "Республиканская альтернатива (REAL)"
- Прошло 3 недели с момента ареста блоггеров Эмина Милли и Аднана Гаджизаде. Это вызвало большой резонанс в мире и достаточно жесткую международную критику в адрес властей Азербайджана. Можно ли рассчитывать на благоприятный исход развития событий и прекращения уголовного преследования молодых людей?
- О каком-то результате говорить очень сложно, мы только надеемся на лучший исход. Нужно обладать всей полнотой информации и понять что именно происходит во власти, кто это задумал, и кому это было нужно, почему так грубо и спешно принимались решения. Мы ничего этого не знаем, поэтому многое, что мы делаем и говорим: основано на домыслах, но это не делает нас менее объективными и справедливыми. Факт, что ребят грубейшим образом подставили, нарушили абсолютно все нормы. Аднан и Эмин, в силу своей образованности, сами обратились в полицию в надежде, что их защитит закон. В течение нескольких часов их переквалифицировали из потерпевших в подозреваемые, не оказав медицинской помощи, задержали на 48 часов, через два дня состоялся закрытое заседание суда, которое чуть ли не в 10 часов вечера вынесло решение о двухмесячном аресте. Совершенно очевидно, что ребят все равно арестовали бы, какэто произошло с редактором “Азадлыг” Ганиматом Захидом. Один и тот же сценарий - все топорно, нагло и грубо.
- Что же все-таки кроется за арестом блогеров? Это “месть” за их инакомыслие или “превентивная мера” в назидание другим, чтобы не увлекались “крамолой” в Интернете?
- Это не месть, в ее обычном понимании. Происходит очень интересный процесс, который в обществе пока не сильно ощутим, потому как он протекает в основном в Интернет сети. Современный мир таков, что для формирования собственных политических убеждений вовсе не обязательно собраний в виде митингов на площадях, манифестаций, съездов. Очевидно, что идеи - всепроникающи, их невозможно остановить, запретить, и люди, жадно ищущие альтернативную информацию, объединяются в сети. Учитывая, что наше телевидение и печатные СМИ не балуют нас полезной информацией и сбалансированным анализом, любая информация черпается в Интернете. Особенно, для владеющих иностранными языками, один You Toube достаточен, чтобы посмотреть все мировые передачи. И за последние 5-6 лет этипроцессы поднялись на новый качественный уровень. Так, молодые люди переходят из виртуального мира в реальный, то есть разъезжают по регионам, встречаются со сверстниками. В ходе лекций, семинаров и других мероприятий они узнают друг друга, налаживают контакты и объединяются.
Долгое время к этому не относились серьезно, оказалось, что через это "баловство", люди, проникнув доверием друг к другу, начинают делиться своими политическими убеждениями. И Аднан Гаджизаде и Эмин Милли достаточно открыто выражали свои мысли как в сети, так и в обществе. Возьмем хотя бы отношение к недавнему референдуму. На моей памяти это первая акция протеста граждан Азербайджана перед штаб-квартирой ОНН против нелегитимного референдума. В этой акции, кстати,Эмин Милли принимал активное участие. Дальше пошли социальные, критические видеоролики, статьи и так далее. И теперь после их ареста акции поддержки прошли в Париже, Страсбурге… Молодежь в других странах уже понимает, что быть азербайджанцем - это не только любить его природу, музыку, но и пытаться что-то делать для оздоровления политической ситуации.
У нынешних властей же нет элементарного ощущения времени, они потеряны во времени и сильно отстали от современных темпов. Они полагают, что если внутри страны тихо, люди не могут открыто выражать собственные взгляды, тогда ситуация под контролем. Как в случае с ребятами: их наказали, и в самой стране особых волнений не было, зато какой международный резонанс это вызвало. Информационные технологии сегодня позволяют влиять на процессы, находясь где угодно и будучи кем угодно, и не имея того, что ценится властями: денег, физической силы, поддержки населения. И в данном случае власти конкретно просчитались с арестом Эмина и Аднана.
Вообще в последнее время происходят качественно новые процессы, и появляется качественно новая молодежь. Как ни странно, эта молодежь не училась на западе, ну может за исключением очень малого числа, это именно местные молодые люди. Они очень разные и по происхождению и по социальному положению, по образованию. Сетевые отношения тем и привлекательны, что там нет лидера, руководителя, все имеют равные шансы. Ты можешь высказаться, если дашь возможность высказаться другим, и получается смычка. В ночь задержания Эмина и Аднана у Сабаильской полиции пытались разогнать собравшихся молодых людей. Когда мы стали объяснять полицейским, что мы просто друзья, один из них сказал интересную фразу: "Не может быть, я 30 лет живу в Баку, у меня нет стольких друзей". На самом деле произошел очень важный качественный и личностный надлом, в результате чего на первый план выходят такие ценности как дружба, товарищество, которые используются как политический ресурс. И это в известном смысле, для нашего общества ново. Все грязные высказывания в прессе по поводу ребят еще раз доказывают, что многие люди просто не могут понять, как молодежь без каких-то организационных форматов может сплачиваться.
- Возможно, ли дальнейшее наступление властей и введение ими правовых основ для ограничительных мер в Интернете?
- Сетевые отношения невозможно идентифицировать, их невозможно запретить. Ограничение в Интернете будет бить по самим же властям, они сами вынуждены пользоваться сетью. Технически, конечно же, это, возможно, но получится вторая Северная Корея или какая-то другая страна-изгой. Пока очень рано говорить о политическом весе молодежных сетей, но процесс уже идет, и он необратим. Во власти есть умные люди, это бесспорно, но те, кто принимает подобные решения совершенно очевидно, люди недальновидные, живущие в другом временном измерении. Они придумали себе мирок, назвали его "стабильность" и считают, что контролируют ситуацию.
- Какими Вы видите перспективы борьбы за демократию в Азербайджане? Удастся ли властям путем репрессий окончательно “зачистить” политическое поле страны от инакомыслия?
- Всякое инакомыслие пугает тоталитарную систему, но репрессии только подстегивают инакомыслие. В данном случае, если власти заинтересованы ускорить процесс инакомыслия, тогда пусть продолжают давление. В последнее время в обществе произошел разрыв между поколениями, и биологический возраст тут ни при чем. Разрыв происходит на уровне скорости мышления, его формата и направленности. Сидя у себя в стране, молодые люди узнают о происходящем из иностранных источников, они доверяют зарубежным СМИ с точки зрения оперативности, объективности, доступности языка. А власти полагают, что если запретить, скажем, завоз религиозной литературы, арестовать двух-трех активных людей, запретить НПО и так далее, проблемы власти будут решены. Нынешняя думающая молодежь предпочитает просто игнорировать власти, да и старшее поколение. Реальная борьба за демократию, если слово "борьба" здесь уместно, происходит в среде самой молодежи. Здесь существует несколько групп: религиозно настроенные, сторонники левых, либералы и так далее. Так вот они учатся: как спорить друг с другом и, не соглашаясь с оппонентом, уважать его мнение. Они не ставят цель бороться с нынешней властью, как это представляет себе сама власть.
Эта власть в любом случае уйдет: как в поколенческом, так и системном понятии. Система уже показала, что не умеет управлять так, как раньше, пока она независима от мнения населения, поскольку имеет нефтяные ресурсы, но и этому когда-то придет конец.
- То есть потенциал в азербайджанском обществе, чтобы предотвратить дальнейшее скатывания страны к авторитаризму есть?
- Я думаю, что скатывание будет продолжаться еще некоторое время. Но есть внутренняя логика самой системы. Не важно, кто в ней управляет процессами, система сама запрограммирована на репрессии, на жертвы, потому что иначе она не сможет самоутверждаться. Единственная цель - удержать власть. Было время, когда до этих ребят властям не было никакого дела, другие задачи были: сначала они расправлялись с официальной оппозицией, затем со СМИ, профсоюзами, с НПО и так далее. Арест ребят - это не последний шаг, будут еще аресты и запугивания. Эта система реформированию не подлежит, нужны радикальные изменения и всегда хорошо, когда кто-то во власти это понимает и что-то предпринимает. В любом случае, осознание того, что репрессии будут продолжаться, не должно отбивать охоту мыслить свободно. Нужно видеть далекие перспективы. А потенциал в виде серьезной, думающей молодежи у нас есть. И они не стремятся к власти, они просто ищут себя. Этот поиск привел их к пониманию того, что найти самого себя нельзя в обществе, отвергающем равные возможности.
- Какие шаги Общественный Комитет намерен предпринять в защиту молодых блогеров?
- Без преувеличения скажу, что вся международная реакция, которая последовала - это усилия друзей Эмина и Аднана, как здесь, так и за рубежом. Я как реальный участник всех событий действительно восхищаюсь этими молодыми людьми. Мы делали, и будем делать все возможное для освобождения Эмина Милли и Аднана Гаджизаде.
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İstək. İnam. İradə. İştirak.
Thursday, July 30, 2009
Tuesday, July 28, 2009
Even under arrest Emin and Adnan are freer than most of the rest.
"Those who have concerned themselves exclusively with what seemed practicable in the existing state of opinion have constantly found that even this rapidly become politically impossible as the result of changes in a public opinion which they have done nothing to guide."
Friedrich von Hayek
==========================
Matter matters, existence exists. Yes, but...
Sometimes some people appear and start to challenge the reality or what is widely believed to be a reality in a given society. They may look inconsistent and misguided. What they do, may seem to have no practical effect. They do strange things and may look strange themselves. In fact, they are very ordinary people, just as so many others. They see the same reality that is seen to all others. They just do not accept it. Not because they do not fit in, but because they are fed-up. Their imagination goes far beyond the knowledge which the reality could provide them with. They are driven by their internal energy of curiosity and courage. Emin Milli and Adnan Hajizade are such people. But what does this mean?
Some say that Emin and Adnan are youth activists. Yes, they are young and active. But they are more than just youth activists. They are youth activators. The have been able to drive others almost effortlessly. However, they are neither leaders, nor managers; neither politicians, nor campaigners; neither journalists, nor dissidents. It is hard to pigeonhole them and that is not a problem of their image. It is rather a problem of extremely limited social and political opportunities in Azerbaijan. There is not much room for self-identification, as many believe that things are ready-made and pre-determined. But Emin and Adnan do not believe that.
Others say that they are bloggers. Well, to an extent this is true. They were writing a lot, shooting videos, making speeches, etc. But even here they do not entirely belong to. Emin and Adnan have been in constant search. Not for places, but for opportunities. That search has never been pragmatic. They did not seek career. They were trying to find themselves, the truest search one has to be engaged in. But how one can find oneself in a society which denies opportunities? Emin and Adnan did not waste their time for conceptualising this problem. They intuitively came up with a solution – in order to get an opportunity for oneself, one has to create opportunity for others. This egocentric motto eventually boosted them into political discourse.
Emin and Adnan have managed to create networks, both locally and globally. Interestingly, their international relations appear to be more diverse and strong than domestic ones. That is so not so much because they got their education abroad and had worked in or with international organizations or companies, as because social relations in Azerbaijan are dominated by authoritarian patterns. Those patterns can hardly be changed from the top, as the government in Azerbaijan is getting more and more oppressive. So, no hope for good will of the rulers. What to do, then?
Surely, Emin and Adnan are not the first, or the brightest, or the bravest or the strongest in Azerbaijan to enter into the fight for liberalization of social relations. Ironically, they have never pretended that. But somehow, they became to be regarded this way by many young people who ever met them and had an opportunity to talk to them or read them. What makes them different? The idea they believe in and follow – the idea of networking.
Network, itself being a matter of principle for them, deconstructs certain deeply rooted perceptions. Emin and Adnan believe that it helps to empower personality by entrenching self-confidence, stimulating critical thinking, motivating initiatives, providing space for opposing views, etc. Network cannot lead and for that reason, they believe, it won't be able to mislead. Choices make the network and network enhances the choice-making. Network is not something to be joined. It is rather something to be enjoyed. Network cannot have goals, but it does have cumulative effects.
Network is a marketplace of ideas. It does not belong to anyone, and there are no founders or leaders, properly speaking. There is no deviation here, as there is no mainstream. So many different young people have been engaged in whatever they have chosen to do. In a society, every segment and structure of which discourage choosing, that means a lot. Network reaches the wider audience of those, who are originally from rural regions, who don't speak any foreign language, who don't have enough understanding of what's going on in the world. They are limited within the narrow discourse that Azerbaijani language can provide. They had long felt depressed and oppressed not only by political situation, but also by family rules, gender and age discrimination, lack of adequate social conditions, etc. Network helps them to get individualised. Isolation and loneliness kills any motivation. It can only be cured by the culture of participation. But in order to feel participation, i.e. to be a participant, one needs to feel self-confidence and not to be afraid of making mistakes.
Goals are important, but goals cannot do much, if one does not keep in touch. Network lacks any goal-setting or dispute-solving mechanism. But it does provide for very wide communicating opportunities. Instead of immediately uniting around a leader or a goal, network stimulates critical re-assessment of previously held ideas and beliefs. Most importantly, it does so without coercion or indoctrination. Students simply have been getting used to challenging others and being challenged by others. Unfortunately, but families, schools, universities do not provide for such a format. Network does. It does it slowly, but surely.
Emin and Adnan not only believed in the idea of network, they were at the very foundation of the two most famous youth networks – “AN” and “OL”. Those networks may seem to be full of day-dreamers, utopians, or even losers (depends on who assesses and how). But it does have immediate touch with the wider public, as students spread the ideas in a geometric progression. It is certainly not an avalanche yet, but nor is it a snowball already. It is a slippery-slope towards weakening the authoritarian structures of our society.
Emin and Adnan are information brokers. Many young people pay attention to what Emin and Adnan has been writing or saying. Sometimes they were controversial, because reflected their search of themselves. Emin and Adnan were searching for opportunities to be benefited from by many others. Their search had a multiplying effect. When that effect extended the threshold of government’s ignorance, it became an irritating factor for the system.
Continuing irritation at some point may be perceived as a threat, provided that political freedoms are denied. Emin and Adnan have always been talking and writing about dialogue, culture of participation. How do you do that in an authoritarian system? Partly, by criticising the government. Emin has become particularly very outspoken. Yes, he, as well as Adnan, has always been politically neutral. Neither Emin, nor Adnan has ever taken sides in power politics. But they have never been ignorant. They have had a devotion to their country and a vision for its future. They publicly expressed disagreements on many things the government did or does. But there are many people in Azerbaijan who do the same. Why, again, Emin and Adnan are different?
The answer lies in information technology, sense of time, personal curiosity and wider connections. Emin and Adnan have been targeted by the government, because the government could not comprehend what they were doing. The fact that Emin and Adnan had been arrested clearly showed that the preference of many young people to be engaged in networks, rather than old-styled organizations, became a visible trend.
Emin and Adnan have become icons of networking. Their arrest, as the government may think, could possibly be aimed at destroying the niche for such a format. Not being able to identify the process, the government personalized it and criminalized the persons ahead of it. The fabricated accusation of hooliganism is typical response in such cases. No need for legal arguments here, as everything is evident.
P.S.
Network is invisible, though not hidden.
Network is inclusive, though not given.
Network is neutral, though is driven.
Network is free and cannot be forbidden.
----------------------------------------------
Friedrich von Hayek
==========================
Matter matters, existence exists. Yes, but...
Sometimes some people appear and start to challenge the reality or what is widely believed to be a reality in a given society. They may look inconsistent and misguided. What they do, may seem to have no practical effect. They do strange things and may look strange themselves. In fact, they are very ordinary people, just as so many others. They see the same reality that is seen to all others. They just do not accept it. Not because they do not fit in, but because they are fed-up. Their imagination goes far beyond the knowledge which the reality could provide them with. They are driven by their internal energy of curiosity and courage. Emin Milli and Adnan Hajizade are such people. But what does this mean?
Some say that Emin and Adnan are youth activists. Yes, they are young and active. But they are more than just youth activists. They are youth activators. The have been able to drive others almost effortlessly. However, they are neither leaders, nor managers; neither politicians, nor campaigners; neither journalists, nor dissidents. It is hard to pigeonhole them and that is not a problem of their image. It is rather a problem of extremely limited social and political opportunities in Azerbaijan. There is not much room for self-identification, as many believe that things are ready-made and pre-determined. But Emin and Adnan do not believe that.
Others say that they are bloggers. Well, to an extent this is true. They were writing a lot, shooting videos, making speeches, etc. But even here they do not entirely belong to. Emin and Adnan have been in constant search. Not for places, but for opportunities. That search has never been pragmatic. They did not seek career. They were trying to find themselves, the truest search one has to be engaged in. But how one can find oneself in a society which denies opportunities? Emin and Adnan did not waste their time for conceptualising this problem. They intuitively came up with a solution – in order to get an opportunity for oneself, one has to create opportunity for others. This egocentric motto eventually boosted them into political discourse.
Emin and Adnan have managed to create networks, both locally and globally. Interestingly, their international relations appear to be more diverse and strong than domestic ones. That is so not so much because they got their education abroad and had worked in or with international organizations or companies, as because social relations in Azerbaijan are dominated by authoritarian patterns. Those patterns can hardly be changed from the top, as the government in Azerbaijan is getting more and more oppressive. So, no hope for good will of the rulers. What to do, then?
Surely, Emin and Adnan are not the first, or the brightest, or the bravest or the strongest in Azerbaijan to enter into the fight for liberalization of social relations. Ironically, they have never pretended that. But somehow, they became to be regarded this way by many young people who ever met them and had an opportunity to talk to them or read them. What makes them different? The idea they believe in and follow – the idea of networking.
Network, itself being a matter of principle for them, deconstructs certain deeply rooted perceptions. Emin and Adnan believe that it helps to empower personality by entrenching self-confidence, stimulating critical thinking, motivating initiatives, providing space for opposing views, etc. Network cannot lead and for that reason, they believe, it won't be able to mislead. Choices make the network and network enhances the choice-making. Network is not something to be joined. It is rather something to be enjoyed. Network cannot have goals, but it does have cumulative effects.
Network is a marketplace of ideas. It does not belong to anyone, and there are no founders or leaders, properly speaking. There is no deviation here, as there is no mainstream. So many different young people have been engaged in whatever they have chosen to do. In a society, every segment and structure of which discourage choosing, that means a lot. Network reaches the wider audience of those, who are originally from rural regions, who don't speak any foreign language, who don't have enough understanding of what's going on in the world. They are limited within the narrow discourse that Azerbaijani language can provide. They had long felt depressed and oppressed not only by political situation, but also by family rules, gender and age discrimination, lack of adequate social conditions, etc. Network helps them to get individualised. Isolation and loneliness kills any motivation. It can only be cured by the culture of participation. But in order to feel participation, i.e. to be a participant, one needs to feel self-confidence and not to be afraid of making mistakes.
Goals are important, but goals cannot do much, if one does not keep in touch. Network lacks any goal-setting or dispute-solving mechanism. But it does provide for very wide communicating opportunities. Instead of immediately uniting around a leader or a goal, network stimulates critical re-assessment of previously held ideas and beliefs. Most importantly, it does so without coercion or indoctrination. Students simply have been getting used to challenging others and being challenged by others. Unfortunately, but families, schools, universities do not provide for such a format. Network does. It does it slowly, but surely.
Emin and Adnan not only believed in the idea of network, they were at the very foundation of the two most famous youth networks – “AN” and “OL”. Those networks may seem to be full of day-dreamers, utopians, or even losers (depends on who assesses and how). But it does have immediate touch with the wider public, as students spread the ideas in a geometric progression. It is certainly not an avalanche yet, but nor is it a snowball already. It is a slippery-slope towards weakening the authoritarian structures of our society.
Emin and Adnan are information brokers. Many young people pay attention to what Emin and Adnan has been writing or saying. Sometimes they were controversial, because reflected their search of themselves. Emin and Adnan were searching for opportunities to be benefited from by many others. Their search had a multiplying effect. When that effect extended the threshold of government’s ignorance, it became an irritating factor for the system.
Continuing irritation at some point may be perceived as a threat, provided that political freedoms are denied. Emin and Adnan have always been talking and writing about dialogue, culture of participation. How do you do that in an authoritarian system? Partly, by criticising the government. Emin has become particularly very outspoken. Yes, he, as well as Adnan, has always been politically neutral. Neither Emin, nor Adnan has ever taken sides in power politics. But they have never been ignorant. They have had a devotion to their country and a vision for its future. They publicly expressed disagreements on many things the government did or does. But there are many people in Azerbaijan who do the same. Why, again, Emin and Adnan are different?
The answer lies in information technology, sense of time, personal curiosity and wider connections. Emin and Adnan have been targeted by the government, because the government could not comprehend what they were doing. The fact that Emin and Adnan had been arrested clearly showed that the preference of many young people to be engaged in networks, rather than old-styled organizations, became a visible trend.
Emin and Adnan have become icons of networking. Their arrest, as the government may think, could possibly be aimed at destroying the niche for such a format. Not being able to identify the process, the government personalized it and criminalized the persons ahead of it. The fabricated accusation of hooliganism is typical response in such cases. No need for legal arguments here, as everything is evident.
P.S.
Network is invisible, though not hidden.
Network is inclusive, though not given.
Network is neutral, though is driven.
Network is free and cannot be forbidden.
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